1/11/2024 0 Comments Nature physics if![]() The maximum meson velocity describes incredibly well the slope of the light cone for all values of h x.Īs further supporting evidence for the above scenario, in Fig. 3c we report connected correlations for a large quench (with K( k) ≫ 1) from the paramagnetic phase to the ferromagnetic confining one. The signal in Fig. 3b is three orders of magnitude smaller than that in Fig. 3a and shows a feeble light cone characterized by a velocity different from that of the domain walls. This is done in Fig. 3b where the same connected correlation is displayed on a different intensity scale. Zooming in the ‘white’ region apparently without signal in Fig. 3a, traces of mesons with non-zero velocities should be visible. Mesons produced after a quench typically move much slower than the elementary quasiparticles due to their larger mass.įor the quench in Fig. 3a, K( k) ≪ 1 for all momenta and practically only zero-momentum mesons are formed. In analogy to strong interaction, the bound states formed by this process are called mesons. However, these are eventually turned back by the confining potential, leading to an oscillatory behaviour as shown in Fig. 1. How can confinement change qualitatively the spreading of correlations? Exactly as in the standard scenario, the initial state emits pairs of quasiparticles starting off in opposite directions. 12) and the entanglement entropy of an interval of length ℓ grows linearly in the same time window 14. If there is a maximum speed of propagation v max ≥ v p (for example, as a consequence of the Lieb–Robinson bound 13), all connected correlations at distance ℓ vanish for times t < ℓ/2 v max (ref. A quasiparticle of momentum p moves with velocity v p and carries quantum correlations through the systems. According to a by now standard picture 12, the initial state acts as a source of quasiparticle excitations. ![]() ![]() A global quantum quench is the non-equilibrium dynamics initiated by a sudden change of a parameter in the Hamiltonian of an isolated quantum system, a protocol that is routinely engineered in cold-atom experiments 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
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